Definition
The switching frequency and switching strategy determine the characteristic voltage and current supply spectra of AC electrical machines. They are chosen to maximize the converter output power, minimize electric powertrain losses, and minimize acoustic noise due to magnetic forces.
Application to e-NVH
Using sound and vibration measurements or scientific publications, EOMYS is updating on this webpage a list of some electrical powertrain switching frequencies used in commercial EV/HEV automotive applications. If you know about some more numbers to be added in this table, please send us the information using the contact page.
Asynchronous switching means that switching frequency does not change with e-motor speed.
| Brand | Model | PWM frequency | PWM strategy |
| BMW | i3 | 8 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Hyundai | Ionic | 8 kHz | Variable (partly synchronous) |
| Nissan | Leaf | 5 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Opel | Ampera | 10 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Renault | Twizy | 8 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Renault | Zoe | 10 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Smart | ForTwo | 10 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Toyota | Prius 2004 | 2.5 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Toyota | Prius 2010 | 5 kHz | Asynchronous SVPWM |
| VW | e-up | 9 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Tesla | S | 9.95 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Tesla | 3 | ? | Asynchronous |
| Tesla | X | 9.95 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Tesla | Y | 9.95 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Audi | e-Tron | 10 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Jaguar | i-Pace | 10 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Porsche | Taycan | 8 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Mercedes Benz | EQC | ? | Asynchronous |
| Volvo Cars | XC40 | 10 kHz | Asynchronous |
| Volvo Cars | Polestar 2 | 10 kHz | Asynchronous |